Health

advanced · 6 min

Sleep Apnoea, Airway & Orthodontic Treatment

Narrow arches, retruded mandibles and deep overbites are radiographic red flags for obstructive sleep apnoea.

intermediate · 5 min

Systemic Conditions That Affect Tooth Movement

Diabetes, thyroid disease, bisphosphonate therapy and vitamin D deficiency all alter bone turnover, and therefore aligner outcomes.

intermediate · 5 min

TMJ Health During Orthodontic Treatment

Bite changes stress the temporomandibular joint. Baseline TMJ screening and staged occlusal changes protect against iatrogenic dysfunction.